Perth, Scotland

Perth
Scottish Gaelic: Peairt
Scots: Perth (archaically St John's Toun)
The Fair City [1]
Perthmixed.jpg
Images of Perth
Perth is located in Perth and Kinross
Perth

 Perth shown within Perth and Kinross
Population 43,450 
OS grid reference NO115235
Council area Perth and Kinross
Lieutenancy area Perth and Kinross
Country Scotland
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town PERTH
Postcode district PH1-PH3; PH14
Dialling code 01738
Police Tayside
Fire Tayside
Ambulance Scottish
EU Parliament Scotland
UK Parliament Ochil and South Perthshire
Perth and North Perthshire
Scottish Parliament Perth
Mid Scotland and Fife
List of places: UK • Scotland •

Perth (Scottish Gaelic: Peairt) is a town and former royal burgh in central Scotland. Sitting on the banks of the River Tay, it is the administrative centre of Perth and Kinross council area and the historic county town of Perthshire. According to the 2001 census, the population of the town has been 43,450. Perth has been known as The Fair City, since the publication of the story, Fair Maid of Perth by the Scottish writer Sir Walter Scott in 1828. During the medieval period, the town was also given two alternative names, St. John's Toun or Saint Johnstoun by its English-speaking inhabitants in reference to the main church dedicated to St John The Baptist.

The name Perth derives from a Pictish-Gaelic word for wood or copse. There has been a settlement at Perth since prehistoric times, which was probably on a site where a river crossed a slightly raised mound on the west bank of the River Tay. The area surrounding the modern town has been known to have occupied by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers since their arrival more than 8,000 years ago. Nearby Neolithic standing stones and circles also exist, dating from about 4,000 BC, following the introduction of farming in the area.

The presence of Scone Abbey, home of the Stone of Destiny where the King of Scots were crowned, enhanced the early importance of the town. Perth became known as an effective 'capital' of Scotland, due to the frequent residence of the royal court. Royal Burgh status was soon given to the town by King William The Lion in the early 12th century. The town became one of the richest burghs in the country, doing trade with countries like France, the Low Countries and Baltic Countries for goods such as Spanish silk and French wine.

By the late 13th century, King Edward I brought his troops to capture the town from the Scots. Stronger fortifications were quickly implemented by the English, and plans to wall the town took shape in 1304. They remained standing until Robert the Bruce's recapture of Perth in 1312. Towards the middle of the 14th century, Edward III demanded money from six monasteries in Perthshire and Fife to pay to build massive stone walls, towers and fortified gates, making them the strongest of any town in Scotland in the Middle Ages. The Scottish Reformation also played a big role in the town with the sacking of the Houses of the Greyfriars and Blackfriars, after a sermon given by John Knox in the burgh kirk of St. John the Baptist in 1559.

The Act of settlement later brought about the Jacobite uprisings. The town was occupied by Jacobite supporters on three occasions (1689, 1715 and 1745). The birth of Perth Academy in 1760, brought major industry to the town, such as Linen, leather, bleached products and whisky were its major exports, despite the role of a key port for centuries. Given its location, Perth was perfectly placed to become a key transport centre with the coming of the railways. The first railway station in Perth was built in 1848. Today, Perth serves as a popular retail centre for the surrounding area. This includes a main shopping centre along with a pedestrianised high street and many independent and specialist shops on offer. Following the decline of the Whisky, the economy of the town has now diversified towards insurance and banking. The Royal Bank of Scotland, Aviva and Scottish and Southern Energy are all now major employers in Perth.

Contents

History

The name Perth derives from a Pictish-Gaelic word for wood or copse. During much of the later medieval period it was known colloquially by its English-speaking inhabitants as "St. John's Toun" or "Saint Johnstoun" because the church at the centre of the parish was dedicated to St. John the Baptist.[1] Indeed, until well into the 19th century maps only refer to the town as "St. Johnstone", and "Perth" is very specifically the wide area known now as "Perthshire". In documents it was often referred to as the "town of Perth", but this appears to be in the sense of "the town in the Perth area". Only since the late 19th century has the name of the town itself been fixed as Perth. In this sense it is the reverse to the norm, as the city normally connects its name to the wider area, and here the name of the wider area has affixed itself to the city.

Perth's Pictish name, and some archaeological evidence, indicate that there must have been a settlement here from earlier times, probably at a point where a river crossing or crossings coincided with a slightly raised natural mound on the west bank of the Tay (which at Perth flows north-south), thus giving some protection for settlement from the frequent flooding.[1] Finds in and around Perth show that it was occupied by the Mesolithic hunter-gatherers who arrived in the area more than 8,000 years ago. Nearby Neolithic standing stones and circles followed the introduction of farming from about 4,000 BC, and a remarkably well preserved Bronze age log boat dated to around 1000 BC was found in the mudflats of the River Tay at Carpow to the east of Perth.

The presence of Scone two miles (3 km) northeast, the main royal centre of the Kingdom of Alba from at least the reign of Kenneth I mac Ailpín (843–58), later the site of the major Augustinian abbey of the same name founded by Alexander I (1107–24), will have enhanced Perth's early importance. Perth was considered the effective 'capital' of Scotland, due to the frequent residence of the royal court.Royal Burgh status was soon awarded to the town from King William The Lion in the early 12th century. During the 12th and 13th centuries, Perth was one of the richest trading burghs in the kingdom (along with such places as Berwick, Aberdeen and Roxburgh), residence of numerous craftsmen, organised into guilds (e.g. the Hammermen [metalworkers] or Glovers). Perth also carried out an extensive trade with France, The Low Countries and the Baltic Countries with luxury goods being brought back in return, such as Spanish silk and French pottery and wine.[2] The royal castle (on or near the site of the present multi-storey car park adjacent to the new council offices), was destroyed by a flood of the Tay in 1209, one of many that have afflicted Perth over the centuries.[3]

King Edward I soon brought his armies to Perth in 1296 and with only a ditch for defence and little fortification, the town fell quickly.[4] Stronger fortifications were quickly implemented by the English, and plans to wall the town took shape in 1304. They remained standing until Robert the Bruce's recapture of Perth in 1312.[5] As part of a plan to make Perth a permanent English base within Scotland, Edward III forced six monasteries in Perthshire and Fife to pay for the construction of massive stone defensive walls, towers and fortified gates around the town around 1336. These defences were the strongest of any town in Scotland in the Middle Ages.

King James I of Scotland was assassinated in Perth in 1437, by followers of the Earl of Atholl at Blackfriars church.[6]

By the mid-16th century, John Knox began the Scottish Reformation from grass-roots level with a sermon against 'idolatry' in the burgh kirk of St. John the Baptist. An inflamed mob quickly destroyed the altars in the Kirk, and then attacked the Houses of the Greyfriars and Blackfriars, and the Carthusian Priory. Scone Abbey was sacked shortly afterwards. The regent of infant Mary, Queen of Scots, her mother Marie de Guise, was successful in quelling the rioting but Presbyterianism in Perth remained strong.

The Old Academy in Rose Terrace

Charles II was crowned at Scone, traditional site of the investiture of Kings of Scots, in 1651. That same year Oliver Cromwell came to Perth, fresh from victory in the English Civil War, he established a fortified citadel on the South Inch, one of five built around Scotland.[7] The restoration of Charles II was not without incident, and with the Act of settlement in 1701, came the Jacobite uprisings, to which Perth was supportive. The town was occupied by Jacobite supporters thrice in total (1689, 1715 and 1745).

In 1760, Perth Academy was founded, and major industry came to the town, now with a population of 15,000. Linen, leather, bleached products and whisky were its major exports, although the town had been a key port for centuries. Given its location, Perth was perfectly placed to become a key transport centre with the coming of the railways. The first railway station in Perth was built in 1848. Horse-drawn carriage became popular in the 1890s although they were quickly replaced by electric trams. Despite being a garrison town and major developments, social and industrial, during the First World War, Perth remained relatively unchanged.

Today, Perth serves as a popular retail centre for the surrounding area. This includes a main shopping centre along with a pedestrianised high street and many independent and specialist shops on offer.[8] Main employers in the town now include the likes of Aviva, Royal Bank of Scotland and Scottish and Southern Energy.[8]

Governance

Perth forms part of the county constituency of Perth and North Perthshire, electing one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom by the first past the post system. Peter Wishart is the MP for Perth and North Perthshire.[9]

For the purposes of the Scottish Parliament, Perth forms part of the Perth constituency. The Perth Scottish Parliament (or Holyrood) constituency created in 1999 is one of nine within the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region. Each constituency elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post system of election, and the region elects seven additional members to produce a form of proportional representation. The constituency is represented by Roseanna Cunningham of the SNP.[10] Perth is also represented by seven regional MSPs from the West of Scotland electoral region.[11]

City status

The classic definition of Perth has been as a city, and traditional documentation confirms that this has been true since time immemorial. However, in the late 1990s, the UK government and the Scottish Executive re-examined the definition[12] of a city and produced a list of approved cities, from which Perth was omitted. It is now considered to be a "former city", a similar definition to that of Brechin or Elgin. Current road-signs around the borders now call it "The Perfect Centre" instead of "The Fair City", although directional signs within still indicate "City Centre". In June, 2007, Alex Salmond, the first Minister of Scotland backed a campaign to confer city status on Perth, saying it should be granted "at the next commemorative opportunity".[13] The architectural writer John Gifford has said that Perth is a city "to its inhabitants and most outsiders, but not all bureaucrats.[14]

Demography

Perth, Scotland compared according to UK Census 2001[15][16][17][18]
Perth,Scotland Perth & Kinross Scotland
Total population 43,450 97,824 5,062,011
Foreign born 3.06 3.57 3.35
Over 75 years old 8.16 8.56 7.09
Unemployed 1,045 2,730 148,082

According to the 2001 census, Perth, Scotland had had a total population of 45,430.[15] The demographic make-up of the population is much in line with the rest of Scotland. The age group from 30 to 44 forms the largest portion of the population (22%).[15] The median age of males and females living in Perth was 37 and 40 years respectively, compared to 37 and 39 years for those in the whole of Scotland.[15]

The place of birth of the town's residents was 95.42% United Kingdom (including 87.80% from Scotland), 0.52%Republic of Ireland, 1.18% from other European Union countries, and 1.88% from elsewhere in the world. The economic activity of residents aged 16–74 was 57.10% in full-time employment, 12.90% in part-time employment, 6.08% self-employed, 3.29% unemployed, 2.37% students with jobs, 2.84% students without jobs, 14.75% retired, 4.93% looking after home or family, 5.94% permanently sick or disabled, and 4.07% economically inactive for other reasons. Compared with the average demography of Scotland, Perth has low proportions of people born outside the European Union, but has both higher proportions born within the European Union and those over 75 years old.

Economy

The pedestrianised modern High Street, looking east

Despite the downfall of the whisky distilleries, which have long since been sold off and moved away from Perth (although the town's name still appears on the labels), Perth has remained a centre for doing business. New high-tech industry has moved in, and the commercial impact has remained as major services, including insurance and banking, have come to the town. Today, the largest employers in the city are Aviva, the Bank of Scotland and Scottish and Southern Energy.[8]

Perth's city centre is situated to the west of the banks of the River Tay.[19] The pedestrianised high street which runs from the junction of Tay Street to South Street is the main focus of the shopping area.[8][19] The centre has a variety of major and independent retailers. The major retailers are largely based on the High Street, St John Street and the St John's Centre. Independent retailers can be found within George Street, the old High Street and Princes Street.[8]

Culture

Perth Museum and Art Gallery

Perth Museum and Art Gallery which is located at the top end of George Street is recognised as one of the oldest provincial museums in Scotland.[8] Another museum known as The Fergusson Gallery is in the former Perth Waterworks building on Tay Street. This contains the major collection of the works of the artist, J.D. Fergusson.

Perth is also home to two theatres – Perth Theatre and Perth Concert Hall. Perth Theatre is located on Perth's pedestrianised High Street. Perth Concert Hall which opened in 2005, was built on the site of the former Horsecross Market and largely funded from the UK millennium celebrations. The New Wave band Fiction Factory had some success with their hit "(Feels Like) Heaven" in 1984. The song, which reached number six in the UK charts, would be their biggest hit, and Perth's biggest to date. Another musical group from Perth are Alestorm, they play a very peculiar from of metal with a theme based on pirates. The Perth Festival of the Arts is an annual collection of art, theatre, opera and classical music events in the town. The annual event lasts for a couple of weeks and is usually held in May. In recent years, the festival has broadened its appeal by adding comedy, rock and popular music acts to the bill. Perth also has a number of twin towns around the world. These are: Aschaffenburg in Germany, Bydgoszcz in Poland, Haikou, Hainan in China, Perth, Ontario in Canada, Pskov in Russia and Cognac in France.

The sole newspaper based in the town is the Perthshire Advertiser owned by Trinity Mirror. Editorial, advertising sales, etc. still have their offices in the Watergate but the newspaper is printed in Blantyre.[20] There is also one local radio in the town known as Perth FM, which broadcasts 24 hours a day to the local area from its base in the town. This was launched in November 2008, following the award of a 12-year licence from Ofcom.[21] One of the UK's most successful radio stations, Hospital Radio Perth broadcasts to Perth Royal Infirmary and Murray Royal Hospital. The Hospital Broadcasting Association have awarded Hospital Radio Perth the title of UK Station of the Year in 1996, 1997, 1999 and 2007.[22][23]

Landmarks

St. John's Kirk

St John's Kirk on South St John's Place is architecturally and historically the most significant building in Perth.[24] The settlement of the original church dates back to the 12th century.[25] During the middle of the 15th century, the church deliberately fell in disrepair, when most of the revenues were used by David I to fund Dunfermline Abbey.[24] The majority of the present church was constructed between 1440 and 1500.[24] Though much altered, its tower and lead-clad spire continue to dominate the Perth skyline. The Church has lost its medieval south porch and sacristy, and the north transept was shortened during the course of the 19th century during street-widening. Another rare treasure, a unique survival in Scotland, is a 15th century brass candelabrum, imported from the Low Countries. The survival of this object is all the more remarkable as it includes a statuette of the Virgin Mary. St. John's Kirk also had the finest collection of post-Reformation church plate in Scotland (now housed permanently in Perth Museum and Art Gallery). Perth City Hall. An Historic Scotland spokesman said that the City Hall designed by Henry Clifford and Thomas Lunan in 1907 "Has more than local significance." The Royal Incorporation of Architects describe the hall as "... having considerable swagger and being big, bold and baroque"

Fair Maid's House

The spire of St Paul's Church which was completed in 1807 is a major focus point around St Paul's Square at the junction of Old High Street and North Methven Street. The development of the church led to an expansion of the city to the west.[8] Other important buildings in the area include Pullar House, Fair Maid's House and the City Mills Complex.[8] Pullar House on Mill Street was once used by Pullar's dyeworks, the largest industry in Perth at one time and has since been converted into office use for Perth and Kinross Council in 2000.[8] The 15th Century Fair Maid's House on North Port is the oldest house in Perth.[26] Purchased by the Glovers Association in 1693 for use as a meeting house, the house has since been largely reconstructed in 1893. This was used as the home of Catherine Glover in the novel, The Fair Maid of Perth which was written by Sir Walter Scott in 1828.[8] In Mill Wynd, Hal O'The Wynd House which was built in the 18th century, was used as the home of the suitor of Catherine Glover.[8] The nearby City Mills built to serve the lade from the River Almond was once the site of industry until the early 19th century. Only the Upper and Lower Mills survive to this day. The Lower Mills which date from 1805 were used for barley and oatmeal, while the Upper Mills of 1792 consisted of two wheat mills connected to a granary.[8] Perth Sheriff Court House stands on the banks of the Tay, designed by Sir Robert Smirke (architect) and built in 1819 it stands on the site of Gowrie House, the place where a plot to kill King James VI was hatched in 1600.[27]

Two Historic Scotland properties within a short distance of the town are Huntingtower Castle, former seat of the Earls of Gowrie (open all year; entrance charge), and Elcho Castle, former seat of the Wemyss family (open in summer; entrance charge). Both are excellent examples of late medieval Scottish tower-houses, and are popular sites for weddings.

Sport and recreation

West Stand of McDiarmid Park, home of St Johnstone F.C.

St. Johnstone is the town's professional football club. The team play their matches at McDiarmid Park in the Tulloch area of the city. There are also two junior clubs based in Perth – Jeanfield Swifts and Kinnoull.[28] Perthshire Rugby Football Club is the town's rugby union side, and it is based at the North Inch next to Bell's Sports Centre, described below. They currently play in the Division Three of the rugby union Scottish Premiership. Between 1995 and 1998 the professional Caledonia Reds played some of their home matches in Perth at McDiarmid Park before they merged with Glasgow Warriors.

During the summer months, the North Inch also hosts the home matches of the local shinty team, Tayforth.

Perth Leisure Pool, to the west of the railway station on the Glasgow Road, is the town's swimming centre. The modern leisure pool complex was built in the mid 1980s to replace the traditional public swimming baths (established 1887[29]) which used to sit just off the Dunkeld Road.

Perth Racecourse is located within the grounds of Scone Palace (3 miles/5 km by road from the city centre), and holds regular horse racing meetings as well as other outdoor events.

The main entrance to Bell's Sports Centre, with its dome visible on the right

There is a large sports complex, Bell's Sports Centre, to the northwest of the town centre, at the western edge of the North Inch. Prior to the building of the Greenwich Dome, it was the largest domed building in the UK. An identical structure exists at Lexington High School in Lexington, Massachusetts, USA. Perth hosts Scotland's largest volleyball event every May - the Scottish Open Volleyball Tournament. There is a highly-competitive indoor competition held inside Bell's Sports Centre alongside both a competitive and fun outdoor event played on the town's North Inch. Teams competing traditionally camp alongside the outdoor courts with the campsite being administered by local cadets. The Scottish Volleyball Association's annual general meeting is also held at the same time as tournament.

The Dewar's Centre, which includes an eight-lane ice rink, has long been a main centre of curling in Scotland. Many top teams compete in this arena and many major events are held here each year. Curling is available from September to April annually. There is an indoor bowling hall, hosting major competitions. Historically Perth had a successful ice hockey team, Perth Panthers, who played at the old ice rink on Dunkeld Road. The rink at Dewars is the wrong shape for ice hockey, so when the team reformed in 2000 for two seasons they played their home games at Dundee Ice Arena.

The North Inch, looking southeast towards the city centre

Perth Leisure Pool is one of the country's most popular aquatic attractions. Overall, there are six pools in the leisure centre, as well as two flumes, a wild water channel, whirlpools and poolside bubble beds. There is also a shallow pool for under 5s called The Kiddies and The Outdoor Lagoon used in summer and winter. The building also has other facilities, such as a fitness gym, café aqua, children's Crèche, and a health suite containing a sauna, steam room, Jacuzzi and needle shower. Outside there is a picnic area and a play park used in the summer.

Perth is also home to two main parks, namely the North Inch and South Inch. The Inches were given to the city in 1377 by King Robert III.

The North Inch is located directly to the north of the city centre. It is bordered to the south by Charlotte Street and Atholl Street and to the southwest by Rose Terrace. Its western perimeter consists of part of the exercise path that circumnavigates the entire park. The River Tay bounds it to the east. A little farther to the north is the Inch's eponymous golf course [30]

Situated half a mile south of the North Inch, directly across the city centre, is the South Inch. The Inches are linked by Tay Street, which runs along the western banks of the Tay. The South Inch is bordered to the north by Marshall Place and Kings Place; to the east by Shore Road; to the south by South Inch View; and to the west by St Leonards Bridge. The Edinburgh Road passes through its eastern third. The South Inch offers various activities, including bowling, an adventure playground, a skate park, and, in the summer, a bouncy castle. The Perth Show takes place annually on the section of the Inch between the Edinburgh Road and Shore Road.

Other public gardens such as Branklyn, Norie-Miller Riverside Walk and Cherrybank also exist. The Branklyn gardens - a National Trust for Scotland site - are located to the east of the River Tay consisting of 2 acres (8,100 m2) of private gardens, predominantly featuring collections from China, Tibet, Bhutan and the Himalayas.[31] Its centrepiece is its collection of Himalayan blue poppies.[32] Norie-Miller, Riverside Walk is situated between Perth Bridge and Queen's Bridge and known locally as the "Middle Inch", the Norie-Miller Riverside Walk features a sculpture trail. The walk ends close to Branklyn Garden. The Cherrybank Gardens are home to Europe's largest collections of heathers, known as "The Bell's National Heather Collection".[33] The gardens are sponsored by the Bell's Scotch Whisky brand.

Education

There are many primary schools in Perth, while secondary education includes St. John's Academy [1], Perth Academy, Perth High School and Perth Grammar School.

Further and higher education – including a range of degrees – is available through Perth College UHI, one of the largest partners in the UHI Millennium Institute.

Perth College UHI runs a network of learning centres across the area, in Blairgowrie, Crieff, Kinross and Pathways in Perth. It also owns AST (Air Service Training) which delivers a range of aircraft engineering courses.

Transport

Perth remains a key transport hub for journeys by road and rail throughout Scotland. The M90 motorway runs south from the town to Edinburgh; the A9 road connects it to Stirling and Glasgow in the south west and Inverness in the north. Other major roads in the town include the A85 to Crieff and Crianlarich (and ultimately Oban), the A93 to Blairgowrie and Braemar, the A94 to Coupar Angus and Forfar and the A90 to Dundee and Aberdeen.[34]

The town itself was bypassed to the South and East by the M90 in the 1970s and to the west by the A9 in the 1980s. The M90, A9 and A93 all meet at Broxden Junction, one of the busiest and most important road junctions in Scotland. Uniquely, all of Scotland's six cities are signposted from here: Glasgow and Stirling via the A9 southbound, Dundee and Aberdeen via the A90, Edinburgh via the M90, and Inverness via the A9 northbound. The final part of the M90 included the construction of the Friarton Bridge in 1978 to facilitate travel to Dundee and Aberdeen to the east of the town, finally removing inter-city traffic from the town centre.[34] The bridge is the most northerly piece of the motorway network in the United Kingdom.

Perth railway station has regular services to Fife, Edinburgh Waverley via the Forth Bridge, east to Dundee and Aberdeen, and south to Glasgow Queen Street. There are two direct trains per day to London, one operated by East Coast (train operating company) to King's Cross (from Inverness), while the Caledonian Sleeper runs overnight to Euston.

Local buses are run by Stagecoach Group; and Perth is also the home of the bus group. Inter-city bus travel is made from Leonard Street bus station and connects to most major destinations in Scotland. The budget Megabus service is centred on Broxden Junction (2.2 miles/3.5 km outside the town centre) and runs direct buses to Scotland's largest cities plus Manchester and London. In addition, there is a park and ride service from the services at Broxden to the town centre.

Perth has a small airport. Perth Airport is located at New Scone, 7 km north east of Perth. There are no commercial flights out of this airport, but it is used by private aircraft and for pilot training. The nearest major commercial airport is Edinburgh Airport or Aberdeen Airport, although Dundee Airport, which is only 20 minutes drive from Perth, offers flights to London City Airport, Belfast, and Birmingham as well as charter, engineering and training facilities.

References

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Graham-Campbell Perth: The Fair City pp1–2
  2. ↑ Graham-Campbell Perth:The Fair City p8
  3. ↑ Graham-Campbell Perth:The Fair City p6
  4. ↑ Graham-Campbell Perth: The Fair City p14
  5. ↑ Graham-Campbell Perth: The Fair City pp16–17
  6. ↑ Brown, "James I (1394-1437)".
  7. ↑ http://www.perthcity.co.uk/index.asp?pg=61
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 "Perth City Centre Conservation Area Appraisal". Perth and Kinross Council. http://www.pkc.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/60DFAFA4-6CEF-4027-8441-C9D2031A9BEC/0/PerthCentralCAAppraisalFinalversion.pdf. Retrieved 2009-12-22. 
  9. ↑ "Peter Wishart, MP for Perth and North Perthshire". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/representatives/profiles/25254.stm. Retrieved 2010-05-14. 
  10. ↑ "Roseanna Cunningham, MSP for Perth". Scottish Parliament. http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msps/locate/con-pert.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-10. 
  11. ↑ "Regional MSPs". scottish.parliament.uk. http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/msps/locate/con-east.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-31. 
  12. ↑ "Review of Scotland's Cities - The Analysis". Scottish Government. January 2003. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/society/rsca-02.asp. Retrieved 2010-05-14. 
  13. ↑ "Salmond backs bid for city status". BBC News. 2007-06-07. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/tayside_and_central/6728337.stm. Retrieved 2010-05-14. 
  14. ↑ Gifford, John (2007). Perth and Kinross. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 "Comparative Population: Perth Locality Scotland". scrol.co.uk. 2001. http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Perth&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null. Retrieved 2010-06-04. 
  16. ↑ "Comparative Population: Perth & Kinross Council Area". scrol.gov.uk. 2001. http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainLevel=CouncilArea&mainArea=Perth+%26+Kinross&mainText=&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null. Retrieved 2010-06-04. 
  17. ↑ "Comparative Employment Profile: Perth Locality Scotland". scrol.gov.uk. 2001. http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Employment&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Perth&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null. Retrieved 2010-06-04. 
  18. ↑ "Comparative Employment Profile: Perth & Kinross Locality Scotland". scrol.gov.uk. 2001. http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Employment&mainLevel=CouncilArea&mainArea=Perth+%26+Kinross&mainText=&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null. Retrieved 2010-06-04. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Perth City Centre Map". Visitscotland. http://www.perthshire.co.uk/index.asp?tm=27. Retrieved 2009-12-22. 
  20. ↑ Perthshire Advertiser at Media UK "Perthshire Advertiser". Media UK. http://www.mediauk.com/newspapers/13894/perthshire-advertiser Perthshire Advertiser at Media UK. Retrieved 2009-12-24. 
  21. ↑ PerthFM launch "launch of Perth FM". The Courier and Advertiser. http://www.thecourier.co.uk/output/2008/11/04/newsstory12193942t0.asp PerthFM launch. Retrieved 2009-12-24. 
  22. ↑ "Perth Royal Infirmary". NHS Tayside. http://www.nhstayside.scot.nhs.uk/staff/spectra/Spectra30.pdf. Retrieved 2009-12-24. 
  23. ↑ "Hospital Radio Perth". Hospital Radio Perth. http://www.hospitalradioperth.org.uk. Retrieved 2009-12-24. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Graham-Campbell Perth - The Fair City pp. 38-39
  25. ↑ Walker and Ritchie Fife, Perthshire and Angus p. 122.
  26. ↑ "Revamp for Perth's oldest house". BBC News. 2009-12-15. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/tayside_and_central/8413686.stm. Retrieved 2010-01-15. 
  27. ↑ http://www.scotcourts.gov.uk/locations/index.asp?print=per
  28. ↑ "list of Scottish Junior football teams A-K". Scottish Football Junior Football Association. http://www.footballcentral.org/sfa/associations/scottish-junior-football-association/club-directory-a-k.cfm. Retrieved 2009-12-17. 
  29. ↑ Smith, Gavin & Ruth (2000). Perth in Old Photographs. Scotland in Old Photographs. Sutton Publishing Limited. pp. 105. ISBN 0 7509 2381 4. 
  30. ↑ North Inch Golf Course
  31. ↑ Branklyn Garden at Perthshire.co.uk
  32. ↑ Branklyn Garden.org.uk
  33. ↑ Cherrybank Gardens at Perthshire.co.uk
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Graham-Campbell Perth: The Fair City 1994, p. 139.

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